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jiā chéng
guì chéng
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zuǒ chéng
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cān shèng
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bài chéng
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xiǎo chéng
qiū chéng
小乘xiǎochéng
(1) 佛教中较保守的一个小宗派，主要流传于斯里兰卡、缅甸、泰国和柬埔寨等地，信奉巴利文佛教经典，认为通过自律斋戒和虔诚默祷即可成为罗汉
英Hinayana⒈ 佛教语。梵文Hīnayāna(希那衍那)的意译。指小乘佛教。早期佛教的主要流派，注重修行、持戒，以求得“自我解脱”。公元一世纪左右，佛教中出现了主张“普度众生”的新教派，自称“大乘”，而称原有的教派为“小乘”。
引《百喻经·送美水喻》：“如来法王有大方便，於一乘法分别説三。小乘之人闻之欢喜，以为易行，修善进德，求度生死。”
鲁迅《朝花夕拾·无常》：“我也没有研究过小乘佛教的经典，但据耳食之谈，则在印度的佛经里，焰摩天是有的，牛首阿旁也有的，都在地狱里做主任。”
佛教用语。相对于大乘以成佛为最终的理想境界而言。大乘佛教徒称那些以证得阿罗汉果为终极理想的佛教宗派为「小乘」。如经部、正量部、说一切有部等。
小xiǎo(1)（形）在体积、面积、数量、力量、强度等方面不及一般的或不及比较的对象：～河｜地方～｜～路。(2)（副）短时间地：～住｜～坐。(3)（副）稍微：～有才华｜牛刀～试。(4)（形）略微少于；将近：干了～半辈子。(5)（形）排行最末的：～儿子。(6)（名）年纪小的人：一家大～｜上有老；下有～。(7)（名）指妾(8)：讨～。(9)（代）谦辞；称自己或与自己有关的人或事物：～女｜～店。
乘读音：chéng,shèng[ chéng ]
1. 骑，坐：乘马。乘车。乘客。乘警。
2. 趁着，就着：乘便。乘机（趁着机会）。乘势。乘兴（xìng）。因利乘便。
3. 算术中指一个数使另一个数变成若干倍：乘法。乘幂（mì）。乘数。
4. 佛教的教派或教法：大乘。小乘。上乘。下乘。
5. 姓。
[ shèng ]
1. 古代称兵车，四马一车为一乘：乘舆。千乘之国。
2. 古代称四为乘：乘矢。乘壶。“以乘韦先牛十二犒师”。
3. 中国春秋时晋国的史书称“乘”，后通称一般的史书：史乘。野乘。